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The Numbers: Sizing, Calculating, Converting and Rules of Thumb
Gasifier Sizing
Calculating and Converting
- Conversion Rules: Biomass to Syngas to BTU to HP to KW to MPG
- Online energy conversion (natural gas, coal, electricity, oil, gas, diesel->BTU,MJ,tonne,volume)
- Cone Calculator (or how to figure out the cone cut shape)
- Calculating pressure drop vs media diameter in a packed bed filter
- Pulley Calculations
- Online unit conversion calculators (mass, volume, flow, energy, etc.)
Standards, Definitions and Trade Best Practice
- Pipe Dimensions or the McMaster pipe size chart
- Gas Flow and Pipe Sizing Tables
- HVAC ducting principles and calculations: flows rates, pressure drop, fan sizing, particulate entranement, oriface design, etc.
Materials for Gasifier Building
Insulation
High Temp Materials
- Metal Allloys for High Temp Operation (stainless, inconel, etc)
- High Temp Flex Tubing and Hose
- Heat Exchange materials
- Observation Ports
Obtainium
Gasifier System Components
Particulate Separation
- Cyclones
- Dry Impact Filters
- Packed bed filters
- Final Filtration: Paper, foam, cotton gauze
- Baghouse filters
- Wet Filters-Scrubbers
- Tumble Scrubber
- Mist Scrubber
- Trough Scrubber
- Venturi Scrubber
- Electro-Static Precipitators
- Settling Tanks
- Other Filters
Removal of tar from biomass gasification using carbon materials. Paper compares the performance of charcoal, activated charcoal and coke as a filter media downstream of gasification. http://www.aidic.it/cet/09/18/108.pdf
Fans and Blowers
- CAD and Fab instructions for GEK fan
- GEK Fan Performance Curve
- Cincinnati Fan paper on all things HVAC: flows rates, pressure drop, fan sizing, particulate entranement, oriface design, etc.
Ejector-venturis, Eductors, Jet pumps
- CAD and Fab instructions for GEK ejector-venturi
- Summary of types of fluid driven fluid transfer
- Low Pressure Ejector Testing
Coolers and Condensors
Combustors and Flares
Fuel Preparation
Solid Material Handling
- Augers
- Conveyors
- Drag Chains
- Bucket Lifts
- Pneumatic Transport
- Fuel Level Sensing
- Understanding Mass Flow of Solids in Hoppers
- Cone bottom silo discharger for wood chips including airlock
Drying Methods and Machines
Accessory Components
- Electric Igniters (Glow Plugs, nichrome and other alloys)
- Motors
- Plumbing and Tubing
- Liquid Pumps
- pelleting and briquetting
- Power Transfer
- Process Control
Engines, Generators and Electrical
- Summary of Genset Options for Wood Gas
- Genset models and sellers of interest
- How to Make a Woodgas Carburetor
- Speed Governors
- How to DIY grid tie
- Spark conversion for Lister slow speed diesel engines
- Book on (external) Hot Bulb Engines
- Stirlings
- Fuel Cells
Engineering for Liquification
Other Gasifier Design Resources
- High value papers and books on gasification
- Beijer/Susanto internal tar recycle gasifier
- Open-top down-draft gasifier
see also Raw Science section for physical applications of the above